Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion is a relatively new solar thermal technology that is being tested for commercial use as a renewable energy source. The OTEC energy generation system is dependent on the temperature difference that exists between warm surface waters and cold deep ocean waters. A temperature difference of at least 20°C is a prerequisite for a viable OTEC operation. This condition is available in tropical and subtropical seas. Most of the Caribbean islands, including Jamaica, have the bathymetric conditions suitable for OTEC generation. An OTEC plant generating 10 MW requires about 3 - 4 hectares of land area and 100 miles of ocean front.

Although OTEC has been demonstrated experimentally to be a sound technology for producing positive net electric power, some design and economic uncertainties have hindered its commercial development. Additionally, the problem of financing huge OTEC power installations is complicated by the fact that lending institutions first wish to be convinced that OTEC technology and the operation of a plant is a economically viable. Some by-products are aquaculture, air conditioning and specialized agriculture using drip irrigation.

A 10 MW OTEC plant producing 3 million gallons of water per day has been considered for Jamaica.

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